Pre-course Quiz-Chronic Lung Disease

8-year-old child born 37 weeks, with history of cough presents to pediatrician. Parents are unable to describe details about cough. There is no acute sickness and child is active otherwise. He is under 3^rd %centile for both height and weight. What would indicate urgent need for referral to specialist?

 3-year-old presented with chronic cough has difficulty swallowing and has been choking on liquids ever since birth. He has chest congestion which is worse after feeding. What would be next best step to identify the underlying pathophysiology of cough?

11-month-old born at 24 weeks of gestation with diagnosis of BPD is seen for the first time in your clinic. Medications include albuterol and budesonide. Parents are concerned about acute respiratory illness and seeking plan to address it. What would be your next step?

Infant, as mentioned in previous vignette, has mild subcostal retractions which were present at the time of discharge from the NICU. He is feeding well with good urine output. He has cough and congestion. He is afebrile, oxygen saturation is 95%, respiratory rate 38/min. Which of the following reflects best plan of action?

6-year-old child with global developmental delay and CLD secondary to chronic aspiration, on oxygen support around the clock, is seen in clinic to get preoperative optimization for orthopedic ankle procedure. Parents would like to know how they can decrease the risk of complications secondary to anesthesia.  Which one would you recommend?

Parents of your patient with CLD want to protect his lungs from further worsening. What is the best advice to them?